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Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): Symptoms, Diagnosis, and the Best Treatment Options

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): Symptoms, Diagnosis, and the Best Treatment Options

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), also known as prostate gland enlargement, is a common condition among men, especially those over 50. This non-cancerous condition can disrupt urinary health and lead to serious complications if left untreated. Learn everything about BPH, including its symptoms, diagnosis, and the most effective treatment options.

What is Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)?

The prostate gland is a key part of the male reproductive system, located just below the bladder. As men age, the prostate can enlarge, a condition known as BPH. While BPH is benign and not linked to prostate cancer, it can cause uncomfortable urinary symptoms by compressing the urethra.

Top Symptoms of BPH

Men with BPH may experience a range of symptoms, including:

Men with BPH may experience a range of symptoms, including:

  • Frequent urination: Needing to urinate more often, especially at night (nocturia).
  • Difficulty starting urination: A delay or trouble initiating urine flow.
  • Weak urine stream: A stream that stops and starts or lacks force.
  • Urgency and leakage: A sudden, uncontrollable need to urinate.
  • Incomplete bladder emptying: Feeling like the bladder isn’t fully empty after urinating.

If symptoms worsen, it can lead to acute urinary retention, which is a medical emergency.

Diagnosing BPH

Early detection of BPH allows for more effective management. Common diagnostic methods include:

Medical History and Physical Exam

A doctor reviews symptoms and performs a digital rectal exam to assess prostate size. A bladder ultrasound is usually performed to measure the size of the prostate. A PSA is also performed to ensure the prostate is free from cancer in the same setting.

Frequency Void Chart

Patients track urination patterns over 72 hours, including fluid intake and nocturnal voiding may be required.

Urodynamic Studies

Advanced testing to evaluate bladder function and urine flow.

If you think you may be presenting symptoms of BPH, schedule a consult as soon as possible.

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BPH Treatment Options

Managing BPH involves lifestyle adjustments, medications, or surgical procedures depending on the severity of symptoms.

Lifestyle Modifications for Better Prostate Health

  • Optimize fluid intake: Avoid excessive hydration or dehydration.
  • Limit caffeine: Reduce coffee and tea consumption to prevent bladder stimulation.
  • Align with your circadian rhythm: Adjust drinking habits to minimize nighttime urination.

Medications for BPH

  • Alpha Blockers: These drugs relax prostate and bladder muscles, improving urine flow almost immediately. Side effects may include dizziness and low blood pressure.
  • 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors (5ARIs): Used for long-term management, these medications shrink the prostate but may impact libido and sexual performance.

Minimally Invasive and Surgical Treatments

  • Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP): A well-established surgical procedure to remove excess prostate tissue.
  • Water Vapor Therapy: A modern, minimally invasive treatment that uses steam to shrink the prostate. This approach preserves ejaculatory function and requires minimal downtime.

Why Treat BPH Early?

Ignoring BPH symptoms can lead to severe complications like bladder damage and kidney issues. Early intervention through lifestyle changes or medical procedures can restore urinary health and improve overall well-being. Nocturia is a significant risk factors for fall in the elderly. Tripping on furniture in a dark room can be catastrophic especially if blood thinning medications. Improving the overall sleep quality also improve quality of life for the elderly.

Consult Dr Jay Lim

If you suspect you’re experiencing BPH symptoms, schedule a consult as soon as possible.
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